New Faces, New Futures: New Zealand

Appendix E: Supplementary data tables

Data tables for Chapter 2: Background characteristics

Table E1: Applicant type by immigration approval category

Applicant type	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Principal applicant	100.0	...	41.1	96.7	59.6	58.0	65.9	66.0
Secondary applicant	...	100.0	58.4	3.3	40.4	42.0	33.6	34.0
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total row %	34.5	23.4	6.0	19.4	6.4	4.5	5.9	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbols: ... not applicable.

Table E2: Location of approval by region of origin

Location of approval	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Onshore	60.2	86.5	79.9	78.3	84.1	75.3	81.6	53.0	88.7	71.6
Offshore	39.8	13.5	20.1	21.7	15.7	25.0	18.4	47.0	11.3	28.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total row %	32.2	8.8	4.4	6.1	18.1	8.7	5.2	12.1	4.4	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Table E3: Region of origin by immigration approval category

Region of origin	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
UK/Irish Republic	40.5	45.0	11.9	27.8	14.3	...	12.1	32.2
South Africa	11.1	14.4	4.1	1.7	10.0	...	6.1	8.8
North America	4.9	3.5	1.4	8.3	1.3	S	1.9	4.4
Rest of Europe	6.6	6.7	2.7	8.5	3.5	...	3.7	6.1
North Asia	14.9	9.7	62.6	20.9	29.1	...	15.9	18.1
South Asia	9.9	7.3	2.7	10.4	16.1	...	6.5	8.7
South East Asia	4.5	4.7	2.7	8.8	3.5	...	8.9	5.2
Pacific	3.3	3.8	7.3	9.4	20.4	99.4	35.5	12.1
Other	4.2	4.8	4.6	4.6	2.6	...	9.3	4.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbols: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

... not applicable.

Table E4: Age by sex

Age	Sex (%)		Total (%)
	Male	Female
16-24	14.3	14.7	14.5
25-34	34.2	37.7	36.0
35-44	30.5	29.8	30.1
45-54	13.3	10.5	11.9
55-64	4.6	4.1	4.3
65 and over	3.3	3.1	3.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	17,530	18,690	36,220

Table E5: Sex of migrants by immigration approval category

Sex	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Male	66.5	30.5	50.2	36.6	43.5	54.3	52.3	48.4
Female	33.5	69.7	49.8	63.5	56.5	45.7	47.7	51.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Table E6: Ethnicity of migrants

Ethnicity	Percent (%)
European	42.0
Chinese	14.9
South African	8.7
Indian	8.2
Fijian	5.7
Samoan	3.9
South Korean	3.5
Filipino	2.1
Tongan	1.7
Japanese	1.0
Zimbabwean	0.9
Thai	0.7
Other	8.0
Total weighted	36,220

Notes: Respondents could specify more than one ethnicity, so the percentages may add to more than 100.

Table E7: Religion of migrants

Religion	Percent (%)
Christian	52.0
No religion	28.5
Hindu	8.2
Buddhist	3.9
Muslim	3.5
Jewish	0.2
Other	3.6
Not specified	0.1
Total weighted	36,220

Notes: Respondents could specify more than one religion, so the percentages may add to more than 100.

Table E8: Previous experience in New Zealand by immigration approval category and approval location

Previous experience in New Zealand	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Onshore approvals (%)
Been in NZ: Employed	91.0	61.7	67.9	74.7	6.0	58.0	58.7	73.9
Been in NZ: Not Employed	8.2	35.9	30.5	23.8	86.0	33.3	37.6	24.3
Not specified	0.7	2.1	2.7	1.1	7.0	8.7	1.8	1.8
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total % (onshore)	78.9	68.7	85.4	80.1	43.5	42.6	50.9	71.6
Offshore approvals (%)
Been in NZ: Employed	8.0	4.1	S	13.5	S	5.3	4.7	6.2
Been in NZ: Not Employed	54.4	45.5	64.5	54.6	54.6	37.2	24.5	48.0
Never been in NZ	36.5	48.5	29.0	29.8	40.8	55.3	66.0	43.6
Not specified	1.1	1.9	S	2.1	3.8	S	4.7	2.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total % (offshore)	21.1	31.4	14.2	20.1	56.5	58.0	49.5	28.4
All migrants (%)
Been in NZ: Employed	73.6	43.7	58.4	62.5	3.5	27.8	32.7	54.6
Been in NZ: Not Employed	18.0	39.1	35.2	29.9	68.3	35.2	31.8	31.1
Never been in NZ	7.7	15.2	4.1	6.0	23.0	32.1	32.7	12.4
Not specified	0.8	2.1	2.3	1.4	5.2	4.3	3.3	1.9
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E9: Time spent in New Zealand by immigration approval category and approval location

Time spent in New Zealand	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Onshore approvals (%)
0-12 months	28.7	40.0	6.4	17.4	44.0	44.9	23.9	28.0
13-24 months	27.7	29.6	5.3	37.5	37.0	13.0	18.3	28.2
More than 2 years	43.1	28.9	88.2	44.3	17.0	39.1	57.8	43.0
Never visited NZ before	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Not specified	0.3	1.4	S	0.7	2.0	S	S	0.8
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total % (onshore)	78.9	68.7	85.4	80.1	43.5	42.6	50.9	71.6
Offshore approvals (%)
0-12 months	58.9	48.9	48.4	54.6	47.7	34.0	24.5	48.1
13-24 months	1.5	S	0.0	4.3	4.6	3.2	2.8	2.1
More than 2 years	1.9	1.9	12.9	7.8	S	4.3	2.8	3.3
Never visited NZ before	36.5	48.5	29.0	29.8	40.8	55.3	66.0	43.6
Not specified	1.1	1.1	9.7	4.3	6.2	S	4.7	2.8
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total % (offshore)	12.4	15.3	6.8	11.0	27.0	19.8	12.1	13.7
All migrants (%)
0-12 months	35.1	42.7	11.9	24.9	46.1	38.9	23.8	33.7
13-24 months	22.3	20.3	4.6	30.8	18.7	6.8	10.3	20.8
More than 2 years	34.4	20.5	77.6	37.0	8.3	19.1	30.8	31.7
Never visited NZ before	7.7	15.2	4.1	6.0	23.0	32.1	32.7	12.4
Not specified	0.6	1.3	1.4	1.3	4.3	1.9	2.3	1.4
Total %	100.0	100.1	99.5	100.0	100.4	98.8	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbols: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

... not applicable.

Table E10: English language ability by immigration approval category

English language ability	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
English as a language spoken best	70.0	71.4	29.7	53.1	38.3	24.1	45.8	59.2
Very good/good English	28.7	23.5	28.3	30.6	9.6	48.8	23.4	27.2
Moderate/poor English	1.3	5.2	41.6	16.4	49.1	27.2	29.9	13.4
Not specified	S	S	S	S	3.0	S	S	0.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E11: English language ability by region of origin

Location of approval	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
English as a language spoken best	98.3	78.0	94.3	25.3	7.6	52.5	41.1	38.1	50.9	59.2
Very good/good English	1.7	21.4	5.7	68.8	48.6	33.2	43.7	38.1	39.6	27.2
Moderate/poor English	S	S	S	6.3	43.7	13.0	15.8	22.6	9.4	13.4
Not specified	S	S	S	S	S	1.3	S	0.9	S	0.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E12: Languages spoken well by region of origin

Languages spoken well	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
English only	76.3	22.6	61.0	3.6	1.2	6.3	8.9	7.5	21.4	32.5
English and other language(s)	23.7	77.7	39.0	96.4	76.9	87.0	91.1	80.4	78.0	61.5
Other language(s)	S	S	S	S	21.7	7.0	S	11.9	S	6.0
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E13: Number of languages spoken well by region of origin

Number of languages spoken well	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific category	Other
One language only	76.3	22.6	61.0	3.6	7.0	7.9	8.9	17.6	21.4	34.9
Two languages	18.2	65.7	30.8	44.3	62.5	40.8	62.1	72.4	54.1	44.9
Three languages	4.3	9.1	6.9	33.9	26.5	38.9	21.1	8.7	20.8	15.8
Four or more languages	1.2	3.1	S	18.1	4.0	12.0	8.4	1.6	3.8	4.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E14: Living Arrangements in New Zealand by immigration approval category

Living arrangements	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Alone	11.8	0.8	2.3	8.3	3.0	1.9	5.6	6.6
Couple only	25.1	24.9	8.7	33.5	14.8	3.1	7.5	23.0
Couple and dependant child/children only	31.2	43.1	23.7	26.6	0.0	30.9	15.4	29.7
Couple and extended family only	4.2	5.5	10.5	8.7	47.0	3.7	11.2	8.9
Couple, dependant children and extended family	5.4	7.9	13.2	7.1	S	25.3	12.1	7.8
Single parent with dependant child/children only	0.9	S	0.9	1.7	S	S	S	0.8
Other family combination	7.5	16.3	36.1	10.0	32.2	32.7	44.4	16.6
Living with family and non-relatives	0.6	0.9	2.3	1.1	S	S	S	0.8
Living with non-relatives only	12.7	0.2	1.4	3.1	S	S	2.8	5.3
Not specified	0.4	S	S	S	3.0	S	S	0.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E15: Region lived in New Zealand at wave 1 by immigration approval category

New Zealand region	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Northland	3.1	2.4	1.4	2.0	1.8	S	1.0	2.2
Auckland	44.0	42.2	73.4	46.9	73.7	75.8	69.9	50.7
Waikato	7.1	7.2	3.7	4.7	7.1	3.7	4.3	6.2
Bay of Plenty	3.0	5.9	3.7	4.9	2.2	S	3.3	4.0
Hawke's Bay	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.3	S	2.5	1.4	2.1
Manawatu-Wanganui	3.8	3.5	S	2.7	S	1.2	1.4	2.9
Wellington	13.1	11.4	2.8	14.7	6.7	5.6	6.2	11.3
North Island other	2.1	1.9	S	1.7	S	S	S	1.7
Canterbury	15.3	16.0	4.7	12.1	4.0	5.6	5.7	12.5
Otago	3.4	2.8	2.8	2.9	S	S	1.0	2.6
South Island other	3.2	4.6	1.4	4.9	1.3	1.2	3.3	3.6
Not specified	S	S	1.9	0.3	S	1.9	S	0.3
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,190	8,350	2,140	6,950	2,240	1,610	2,090	35,570

Note: Excludes records where the New Zealand region was not recorded.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E16: Region lived in New Zealand at wave 1 by region of origin

NZ region	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Northland	3.2	4.8	4.6	2.8	0.9	0.6	2.1	0.7	S	2.2
Auckland	32.2	54.3	28.1	38.3	68.2	64.9	49.2	76.3	49.7	50.7
Waikato	6.4	10.8	6.5	3.7	3.6	7.8	9.0	4.4	6.4	6.2
Bay of Plenty	6.3	3.2	3.3	6.1	2.2	3.9	2.6	0.9	3.8	4.0
Hawke's Bay	3.2	1.9	S	4.2	S	1.9	1.1	1.8	3.2	2.1
Manawatu-Wanganui	3.6	2.5	3.3	2.3	1.4	3.2	3.2	1.8	5.7	2.9
Wellington	14.5	9.8	20.9	14.5	6.1	8.4	14.8	6.9	10.8	11.3
North Island Other	2.9	1.9	2.0	1.9	0.5	0.6	2.1	0.5	S	1.7
Canterbury	17.7	6.3	12.4	17.8	13.6	6.5	11.1	3.4	14.0	12.5
Otago	4.2	2.2	5.9	1.9	1.6	1.3	3.2	0.5	1.3	2.6
South Island Other	5.9	2.5	10.5	6.1	1.1	S	1.1	1.4	2.5	3.6
Not specified	S	S	S	S	0.6	S	S	1.1	S	0.3
Total%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,440	3,150	1,530	2,140	6,420	3,080	1,890	4,350	1,570	35,570

Note: Excludes records where the New Zealand region was not recorded.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Data tables for Chapter 3: Motives and processes of migration

Table E17: Most recent temporary permit held by immigration approval category

Permit type	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Student permit	2.7	9.8	27.4	4.9	1.9	6.5	7.0	6.7
Visitors permit	14.0	26.5	9.1	17.0	89.2	37.0	40.3	22.9
Long-term business	1.1	0.7	43.3	0.8	S	S	1.6	3.8
Working holiday	4.4	2.9	3.4	7.4	S	S	3.9	4.3
Other work permit	73.2	55.0	12.5	66.7	1.9	45.7	39.5	57.5
None of these	4.5	4.7	3.4	2.9	7.0	9.8	7.0	4.5
Not specified	S	S	1.4	S	S	S	S	0.3
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,250	6,950	2,080	6,310	1,570	920	1,290	30,370

Note: Excludes people approved offshore who had not held a temporary permit in the three years before residence.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E18: Reasons for choosing New Zealand by immigration approval category

Reasons	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Relaxed pace of life or lifestyle	63.3	54.8	32.9	25.5	13.0	12.3	20.6	44.2
Climate or the clean green environment	52.8	44.2	49.3	25.5	16.5	13.6	23.8	39.6
A better future for my children	44.5	49.8	45.2	23.8	5.2	58.6	29.9	39.0
Employment opportunity	42.1	28.3	7.3	12.4	3.0	59.3	23.8	28.3
Friendly people	38.0	30.9	20.5	18.7	13.9	10.5	17.8	27.6
Safety from crime	38.0	35.3	19.6	13.2	7.8	7.4	15.4	26.8
Join family members	8.3	18.2	14.2	16.1	95.2	37.0	65.0	22.6
Easy access to outdoor or sporting activities	33.3	29.0	16.0	12.1	3.0	4.3	6.5	22.4
Educational opportunities	19.3	18.4	30.1	11.4	4.3	37.0	19.2	18.1
Marry or live with a NZ spouse or partner	3.0	3.2	0.9	71.2	S	3.7	2.3	16.0
Political stability	19.9	13.2	21.5	7.8	10.4	9.9	15.4	14.7
Economic conditions	19.5	13.3	8.2	6.8	4.8	20.4	9.3	13.4
To study	10.6	9.2	17.4	8.8	1.3	17.3	14.5	10.2
Accompany family members	1.2	12.4	14.2	5.4	10.4	17.3	11.7	7.4
Other	5.9	5.3	1.8	2.1	S	1.2	6.1	4.3
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E19: Reasons for choosing New Zealand by region of origin

Reasons	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Relaxed pace of life or lifestyle	69.7	37.7	50.9	50.2	34.3	26.6	30.5	12.8	32.1	44.2
Climate/clean green environment	56.5	19.8	40.3	43.0	45.0	27.8	37.9	15.1	20.8	39.6
A better future for my children	45.8	56.0	22.6	33.0	26.8	31.6	31.1	44.3	40.3	39.0
Employment opportunity	23.2	40.9	28.9	28.1	14.7	31.3	32.1	45.4	36.5	28.3
Friendly people	38.2	17.6	36.5	40.7	23.2	20.6	23.7	11.6	23.9	27.6
Safety from crime	33.5	62.9	18.9	23.1	17.3	17.4	22.6	8.2	31.4	26.8
Join family members	13.5	24.5	10.7	10.0	22.5	32.9	26.3	46.6	23.9	22.6
Easy access to outdoor or sporting activities	43.9	15.7	30.8	25.8	10.6	4.4	12.1	5.0	9.4	22.4
Educational opportunities	6.9	21.7	3.1	10.4	29.4	19.0	23.7	31.7	25.8	18.1
Marry or live with a NZ spouse or partner	15.2	3.5	32.7	26.2	16.7	14.9	25.8	12.1	13.8	16.0
Political stability	10.5	28.3	17.0	15.4	15.7	8.2	12.6	13.0	31.4	14.7
Economic conditions	11.1	23.0	8.2	18.1	9.0	12.3	14.7	14.8	25.2	13.4
To study	1.6	7.9	4.4	5.9	24.9	12.3	13.2	14.2	10.7	10.2
Accompany family members	5.9	9.7	5.7	5.4	6.3	5.7	6.8	13.0	10.1	7.4
Other	6.8	2.8	7.5	6.3	1.5	1.9	1.6	3.4	2.5	4.3
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Note: Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Table E20: Sources of information about New Zealand by immigration approval category

Information source	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Friends or relatives living in NZ	46.3	48.9	45.2	61.8	87.4	75.9	81.8	55.9
The internet	47.6	45.2	25.6	19.9	5.2	6.8	11.7	33.7
Books, newspapers, or the television	31.8	30.2	20.5	21.9	14.8	16.7	15.4	26.1
Previous visits or living in NZ before	26.5	22.6	25.6	23.4	31.3	34.0	21.5	25.2
Friends or relatives not living in NZ	17.5	18.4	13.7	24.2	6.1	4.9	8.4	16.9
NZ Immigration Service	22.0	21.6	7.3	11.0	3.5	11.1	5.6	16.2
An immigration consultant	14.8	14.8	16.4	4.7	1.7	3.1	3.7	10.9
Prospective employer	14.6	8.7	S	1.7	S	1.9	1.9	7.6
Other NZ govt. depts. or embassies	3.7	4.8	3.2	2.7	1.3	S	2.3	3.4
Community or religious group, or ethnic association in NZ	1.2	0.6	1.4	0.6	S	S	S	0.8
Other	7.3	5.0	3.7	6.4	1.3	4.9	1.9	5.5
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E21: Use of the internet to access information by immigration approval category

	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Used the internet to access information about New Zealand
Yes	47.7	45.2	25.6	19.9	5.2	6.8	11.7	33.8
No	52.3	54.8	74.4	80.2	95.2	93.2	87.9	66.3
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220
Used Immigration New Zealand's website to access information about New Zealand
Yes	37.8	36.2	15.1	13.0	3.5	3.7	6.5	25.7
No	9.8	8.6	10.5	6.8	1.7	3.1	4.7	7.9
Not specified	S	0.5	S	S	S	S	S	0.1
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220
Internet users who accessed Immigration New Zealand's website
Yes	79.3	80.2	58.9	65.0	66.7	54.5	56.0	76.2
No	20.5	19.1	41.1	34.3	33.3	45.5	40.0	23.4
Not specified	S	1.0	S	S	S	S	S	0.4
Total weighted	5,950	3,830	560	1,400	120	110	250	12,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E22: Contacts in New Zealand before migrating by immigration approval category

Number of contacts	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Yes	61.2	65.4	63.5	59.0	63.5	93.8	75.5	64.4
Knew 1 or 2 people	25.0	26.1	27.9	13.4	13.0	14.8	11.8	21.2
Knew 3 or 4 people	13.1	15.2	14.6	8.5	12.2	9.9	14.2	12.6
Knew 5 to 9 people	11.9	13.5	12.3	11.9	16.5	17.3	14.2	13.0
Knew 10 or more people	11.4	10.7	8.2	25.2	21.7	50.6	34.9	17.5
No	38.8	34.6	37.0	41.0	36.5	6.2	24.5	35.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,030	2,300	1,620	2,120	36,210

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Table E23: Family in New Zealand other than those in the approval unit or the household by immigration approval category

Family in NZ	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Yes	28.0	29.8	38.8	42.5	58.3	92.0	76.2	39.5
No	71.9	70.4	60.7	57.7	41.7	8.0	23.4	60.5
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Table E24: Staying with family, friends or a sponsor on arrival by immigration approval category

Stayed with family	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Yes	38.9	30.1	16.1	61.7	76.7	75.3	70.9	50.3
For less than 6 weeks	26.0	19.2	16.1	23.4	10.9	29.0	22.3	21.6
For 6-12 weeks	8.8	6.0	S	17.0	14.0	20.4	14.6	11.0
For more than 12 weeks	4.6	4.5	S	20.6	51.2	26.9	35.0	17.6
No	61.1	69.9	83.9	38.3	24.8	24.7	30.1	49.7
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	2,620	2,660	310	1,410	1,290	930	1,030	10,260

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Note: Includes migrants approved offshore and excludes responses identified as not specified.

Table E25: Number of dwellings (addresses) since approval by immigration approval category

Number of addresses	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
1 address	57.0	57.4	73.5	71.8	70.0	45.1	63.1	61.7
2 addresses	33.9	32.7	22.4	23.4	27.4	48.8	33.2	31.1
3 addresses	7.6	8.5	3.7	4.6	2.6	5.6	2.8	6.3
4 or more addresses	1.5	1.5	S	0.3	S	S	0.9	1.0
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E26: Reasons for living at first address by immigration approval category

Reasons	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Liked the house, area or location	51.4	45.4	36.1	36.2	14.3	14.2	20.6	40.3
To live with family or spouse or partner	12.1	21.5	21.0	49.0	66.1	46.3	47.2	29.0
To be close to job or employment opportunities	37.7	24.3	19.2	16.2	1.3	17.3	14.5	24.7
It was affordable	31.7	25.0	14.2	20.8	7.8	17.9	16.8	23.9
It was good quality accommodation	26.8	22.3	15.1	15.8	5.7	6.2	8.9	19.6
To be close to schools	16.7	27.0	36.1	11.5	3.9	13.6	17.3	18.4
It was organised or provided for the person	10.4	15.1	5.5	16.4	36.5	44.4	23.4	16.4
To be close to shops, doctors or other services	15.3	14.6	12.3	11.8	8.7	13.6	9.3	13.4
To be close to family or friends	9.6	8.0	8.2	12.7	19.6	16.0	22.0	11.4
To be close to public transport	11.1	9.6	10.5	7.4	3.9	4.9	8.9	9.2
It was the only place that could be found	6.7	9.1	5.9	5.6	1.7	S	6.1	6.4
To live with friends	6.0	7.2	5.0	2.7	2.2	14.2	5.1	5.6
To be close to others of same religion	7.3	2.9	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.5	2.3	4.2
To be close to others of same ethnic group	1.6	1.5	2.3	1.1	1.3	4.3	3.7	1.7
Other	1.1	0.4	S	0.7	S	1.2	2.3	0.9
Total weighted	12,480	8,480	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,210

Notes: Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100. Excludes missing responses.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

 

Table E27: Reasons for living at current address by immigration approval category

Reasons	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Liked the house, area or location	63.9	56.1	41.1	43.4	21.7	19.8	24.8	49.7
To live with family or spouse or partner	11.1	21.2	21.0	44.7	62.2	46.9	42.1	27.3
To be close to job or employment opportunities	39.2	28.3	19.6	18.9	1.7	26.5	15.9	27.3
It was affordable	34.9	26.1	13.2	24.8	11.3	26.5	20.1	26.8
It was good quality accommodation	33.1	26.7	19.6	18.7	10.4	9.3	11.2	24.2
To be close to schools	20.4	31.6	37.0	13.1	5.7	21.6	22.4	21.8
To be close to shops, doctors or other services	19.0	17.7	11.9	14.2	12.2	17.9	11.2	16.4
To be close to family or friends	10.3	9.2	9.1	13.5	22.6	24.1	24.3	12.8
It was organised or provided for the person	6.7	11.9	5.0	13.2	33.5	24.7	19.6	12.3
To be close to public transport	12.7	11.2	12.3	8.3	5.7	6.8	11.2	10.7
It was the only place that could be found	4.6	4.8	5.5	2.7	1.7	15.4	4.7	4.6
To live with friends	5.2	1.7	1.8	2.1	1.3	1.2	1.9	3.0
To be close to others of same religion	1.9	1.7	1.4	1.0	0.9	5.6	3.7	1.9
To be close to others of same ethnic group	1.1	0.4	0.9	0.9	1.3	3.1	2.3	1.0
Other	6.7	8.1	5.5	5.8	1.3	3.7	3.7	6.2
Total weighted	12,480	8,480	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,210

Notes: Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100. Excludes missing responses.

Table E28: Settlement intentions at time of approval by immigration approval category

Settlement intentions	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Live in NZ for 5 years or more	86.9	88.3	88.1	88.8	82.6	96.9	91.6	88.2
Live in NZ all of the time	82.6	82.9	78.1	85.9	77.8	93.8	86.4	83.5
Live in NZ and in another country	4.3	5.4	10.5	2.8	4.3	3.1	5.6	4.7
Live in NZ for less than 5 years	6.7	5.5	1.4	4.3	3.5	1.9	2.8	4.9
Live in NZ all of the time	4.3	3.9	S	2.4	S	1.2	1.4	3.1
Live in NZ and in another country	2.4	1.7	S	1.8	3.0	S	0.9	1.9
Don't know how long I will live in NZ	6.3	6.1	10.0	7.0	14.3	S	5.1	6.8
Live in NZ all of the time	3.6	3.2	5.0	4.1	6.5	S	3.3	3.7
Live in NZ and in another country	0.6	0.6	S	0.7	1.3	S	S	0.6
Don't know if I will live in NZ all of the time or not	2.1	2.5	4.6	2.3	6.5	S	1.9	2.5
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E29: Applied for residence in other countries by immigration approval category

Applied for residence in other countries	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
No	98.2	99.3	99.1	99.1	99.6	98.8	99.1	98.8
Yes	1.8	0.7	0.9	0.9	S	S	S	1.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Data tables for Chapter 4: Skills and Resources Migrants bring to New Zealand

Table E30: Years of education by immigration approval category and applicant type

Years of education	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Principal applicants (%)
10 or fewer	2.6	...	12.1	8.5	42.6	12.9	22.0	8.5
11 to 13 years	15.1	...	33.0	25.2	27.2	46.2	44.0	22.2
14 to 16 years	38.4	...	42.9	40.4	17.6	32.3	23.4	36.9
17 or more years	43.8	...	11.0	25.8	11.8	10.8	11.3	32.5
Total %	100.0	...	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Secondary applicants (%)
10 or fewer	...	6.5	15.6	26.1	38.7	17.6	22.2	11.8
11 to 13 years	...	38.4	50.0	56.5	35.5	60.3	47.2	41.5
14 to 16 years	...	32.0	25.8	17.4	20.4	14.7	25.0	28.9
17 or more years	...	22.9	8.6	S	5.4	5.9	5.6	17.7
Total %	...	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All migrants (%)
10 or fewer	2.6	6.5	14.6	9.1	40.4	14.8	22.5	9.6
11 to 13 years	15.1	38.4	43.4	26.1	30.7	51.9	45.1	28.8
14 to 16 years	38.4	32.0	32.9	39.7	18.9	24.7	23.5	34.1
17 or more years	43.8	22.9	9.1	24.9	9.6	8.0	9.4	27.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,460	2,190	7,020	2,280	1,620	2,130	36,180

Note: Excludes missing responses.

Symbols: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

... Not applicable.

Table E31: Highest qualification by immigration approval category and sex

Highest qualification	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Male migrants (%)
No qualification	2.3	10.1	6.4	10.1	25.0	23.9	13.4	7.9
School qualification	7.6	28.7	52.7	30.0	26.0	55.7	48.2	22.9
Vocational qualification (basic, intermediate, skilled)	22.3	17.8	11.8	12.8	12.0	13.6	15.2	18.1
Advanced vocational qualification	17.8	14.0	10.9	16.0	11.0	5.7	5.4	14.8
Bachelor degree	23.0	14.7	8.2	19.8	14.0	S	8.0	17.9
Higher degree	19.6	9.7	1.8	5.8	5.0	S	4.5	12.4
Post-school/undefined	7.0	4.3	4.5	5.4	4.0	S	1.8	5.6
Not specified	S	S	1.8	S	2.0	S	2.7	0.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	8,300	2,580	1,100	2,570	1,000	880	1,120	17,530
Female migrants (%)
No qualification	S	6.4	7.3	6.3	32.3	12.2	12.7	7.4
School qualification	3.6	30.2	50.5	24.4	39.2	52.7	47.1	26.5
Vocational qualification (basic, intermediate, skilled)	7.6	14.6	6.4	15.5	3.1	13.5	8.8	11.6
Advanced vocational qualification	24.3	15.6	11.9	18.2	11.5	14.9	10.8	17.4
Bachelor degree	34.8	17.6	7.3	20.2	10.0	2.7	11.8	20.1
Higher degree	25.3	10.2	2.8	11.0	S	S	2.0	12.0
Post-school/undefined	4.1	5.3	11.0	3.8	S	S	3.9	4.3
Not specified	S	S	1.8	S	3.8	S	S	0.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	4,190	5,900	1,090	4,460	1,300	740	1,020	18,690
All migrants (%)
No qualification	1.6	7.7	7.3	7.5	29.6	17.9	13.1	7.7
School qualification	6.3	29.8	51.6	26.6	33.5	54.3	47.7	24.8
Vocational qualification (basic, intermediate, skilled)	17.4	15.5	9.1	14.5	7.4	13.6	12.1	14.7
Advanced vocational qualification	20.1	15.0	11.9	17.4	11.3	9.9	8.9	16.2
Bachelor degree	27.0	16.9	7.3	20.2	12.2	1.9	9.8	19.0
Higher degree	21.6	10.3	2.7	9.3	2.2	S	3.3	12.1
Post-school/undefined	5.9	4.8	7.8	4.6	2.2	1.9	2.8	4.9
Not specified	S	0.4	1.8	S	3.0	S	1.9	0.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E32: Years of paid work before residence approval by immigration approval category

Years of paid work	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Less than 1 year	4.2	6.7	7.8	7.0	3.9	10.5	7.0	6.0
1 to 2 years	7.9	7.3	4.1	10.1	2.6	9.3	5.2	7.5
3 to 4 years	8.7	6.4	4.1	9.7	3.5	13.0	7.0	7.8
5 to 9 years	17.1	16.4	6.4	22.9	S	17.9	8.9	16.0
10 to 19 years	34.9	31.2	18.3	24.8	5.2	24.7	17.4	27.7
20 years or more	25.5	22.9	33.8	17.1	66.5	8.6	24.4	25.5
Never been in paid employment	1.7	9.1	25.1	8.5	18.3	14.8	30.0	9.5
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,480	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,130	36,210

Note: Excludes don't know/ response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E33: Main activity in previous country by immigration approval category

Main activity	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Working for pay or profit	94.0	63.6	50.0	71.8	21.5	61.4	43.8	69.7
At home caring for dependants	1.3	20.7	10.0	8.9	14.6	11.4	10.3	10.4
Studying	2.4	11.5	30.0	11.1	4.4	12.9	34.9	9.6
Retired or at home without dependants	S	0.6	7.5	1.9	50.2	S	1.4	5.1
Working on the family or village land for family or village	S	0.3	S	1.0	1.5	6.8	4.1	1.1
On holiday or visiting friends or relatives	1.0	0.9	S	1.2	1.0	S	S	1.0
Working without pay in a family business or farm	S	0.9	S	1.4	S	2.3	2.7	1.0
Doing voluntary work	0.3	0.9	S	1.0	3.4	S	S	0.9
Looking for work	0.4	S	S	0.5	S	S	1.4	0.4
Suffering ill-health	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
Taking steps to set up or buy a business in NZ	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
Other	0.9	1.2	S	1.4	3.4	2.3	S	1.4
Total weighted	7,640	6,510	400	4,150	2,050	1,320	1,460	23,530

Notes: Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100. Only includes respondents who had lived in their previous country within the two years before residence approval.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E34: Occupation in last main job in previous country by immigration approval category

Occupational group	Immigration approval category (%)						Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Pacific category	Other
Managers	16.9	15.1	45.5	14.0	4.8	18.6	15.8
Professionals	53.6	30.5	22.7	35.2	22.9	24.8	40.3
Technicians and Trades Workers	15.4	7.1	S	9.4	19.3	13.3	12.1
Community and Personal Service Workers	4.3	11.8	S	6.8	6.0	5.3	6.9
Clerical and Administrative Workers	4.5	18.5	13.6	19.2	16.9	15.9	12.5
Sales Workers	1.5	8.8	S	8.1	10.8	6.2	5.6
Machinery Operators and Drivers	1.9	2.2	S	2.6	9.6	4.4	2.6
Labourers	1.4	4.9	S	2.6	8.4	8.0	3.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	7,260	4,650	220	3,070	830	1,130	17,150

Notes: Only includes respondents who lived in their source country in the two years before residence approval and who had worked in the 12 months before leaving their previous country. Total includes residual categories but excludes non-response.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Data tables for Chapter 5: Migrants' labour market participation

Table E35: Labour force activity by immigration approval category and applicant type

Immigration approval category and applicant type	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
Skilled principal	94.9	93.1	1.9
Skilled secondary	65.5	60.6	7.4
Business category
Principal applicant	78.0	74.7	4.2
Secondary applicant	42.2	41.4	S
Family Partner
Principal applicant	72.4	68.9	4.7
Secondary applicant	43.5	43.5	S
Pacific category
Principal applicant	89.4	86.2	3.6
Secondary applicant	55.2	46.3	13.5
Other1
Principal applicant	41.6	37.6	8.6
Secondary applicant	39.0	33.5	14.1
Totals
Principal applicant	81.4	78.9	3.2
Secondary applicant	58.5	53.8	7.9
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Notes: Excludes missing responses.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E36: Labour force activity by immigration approval category and approval location

Immigration approval category and approval location	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
Skilled principal
Offshore	93.9	90.9	3.2
Onshore	95.1	93.7	1.5
Skilled secondary
Offshore	58.5	49.8	14.8
Onshore	68.3	65.6	4.3
Business category
Offshore	29.0	22.6	S
Onshore	62.6	60.4	2.6
Family Partner
Offshore	66.2	61.2	8.7
Onshore	72.6	69.8	3.9
Pacific category
Offshore	70.7	64.1	9.2
Onshore	79.7	76.8	3.6
Other1
Offshore	37.0	32.3	12.6
Onshore	44.7	40.9	9.7
Totals
Offshore	64.0	58.4	8.7
Onshore	77.5	75.1	3.1
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Notes: Excludes missing responses.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E37: Labour force activity by immigration approval category and English language ability

Immigration approval category and English language ability	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
Skilled principal
English is a language spoken best	96.8	95.5	1.3
Very good/good English language ability	90.5	87.7	3.1
Moderate/poor English language ability	93.8	87.5	S
Sub total	95.0	93.2	1.8
Skilled secondary
English is a language spoken best	66.7	61.4	7.7
Very good/good English language ability	63.3	60.3	5.6
Moderate/poor English language ability	59.1	52.3	11.5
Sub total	65.5	60.6	7.4
Business category
English is a language spoken best	53.8	52.3	S
Very good/good English language ability	38.7	38.7	0.0
Moderate/poor English language ability	72.5	68.1	4.5
Sub total	57.3	55.0	2.4
Family Partner
English is a language spoken best	80.1	78.0	2.7
Very good/good English language ability	67.9	63.3	6.2
Moderate/poor English language ability	50.4	44.2	10.5
Sub total	71.6	68.0	4.6
Pacific category
English is a language spoken best	84.6	79.5	S
Very good/good English language ability	67.9	64.1	5.7
Moderate/poor English language ability	77.3	70.5	11.8
Sub total	74.5	69.6	5.8
Other1
English is a language spoken best	50.0	45.7	8.6
Very good/good English language ability	52.8	48.6	7.9
Moderate/poor English language ability	27.3	22.2	18.8
Sub total	41.2	36.6	11.2
Totals
English is a language spoken best	79.7	76.9	3.5
Very good/good English language ability	72.4	69.1	4.5
Moderate/poor English language ability	50.5	45.2	10.6
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Notes: Excludes responses identified as not specified and missing responses.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E38: Labour force activity of migrants by immigration approval category and previous experience in New Zealand

Immigration approval category and previous experience in NZ	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
Skilled principal
Have been to NZ: employed	96.3	94.9	1.5
Have been to NZ: not employed	90.7	87.6	2.9
Have not been to NZ before	93.8	89.6	3.3
Sub total	94.9	93.0	1.9
Skilled secondary
Have been to NZ: employed	84.9	82.4	3.2
Have been to NZ: not employed	47.3	43.3	9.0
Have not been to NZ before	55.8	42.6	23.6
Sub total	65.2	60.5	7.4
Business category
Have been to NZ: employed	77.3	76.6	S
Have been to NZ: not employed	26.0	24.7	S
Have not been to NZ before	S	S	S
Sub total	55.3	54.3	S
Family Partner
Have been to NZ: employed	84.5	82.0	3.2
Have been to NZ: not employed	50.5	45.7	8.5
Have not been to NZ before	45.2	40.5	15.8
Sub total	71.6	68.2	4.8
Pacific category
Have been to NZ: employed	93.3	91.1	S
Have been to NZ: not employed	66.7	63.2	7.9
Have not been to NZ before	66.7	56.9	11.8
Sub total	75.0	70.0	5.8
Other1
Have been to NZ: employed	88.5	84.6	2.9
Have been to NZ: not employed	25.0	20.1	17.9
Have not been to NZ before	42.1	36.4	13.7
Sub total	41.0	36.2	10.5
Totals
Have been to NZ: employed	89.9	88.0	2.2
Have been to NZ: not employed	51.7	47.8	7.6
Have not been to NZ before	59.9	52.2	12.7
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Notes: Excludes missing responses and those identified as not specified.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E39: Labour force activity of migrants by region of origin and applicant type

Region of origin and applicant type	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
UK/Irish Republic
Principal applicant	90.4	88.5	2.1
Secondary applicant	65.7	60.1	8.8
South Africa
Principal applicant	88.3	86.0	1.9
Secondary applicant	67.1	62.1	7.4
North America
Principal applicant	84.0	82.4	S
Secondary applicant	58.8	50.0	15.0
Rest of Europe
Principal applicant	84.1	80.8	3.1
Secondary applicant	59.4	56.5	S
North Asia
Principal applicant	67.2	62.7	6.6
Secondary applicant	39.7	35.8	9.9
South Asia
Principal applicant	77.4	75.2	2.9
Secondary applicant	58.9	54.4	9.4
South East Asia
Principal applicant	82.4	80.9	2.8
Secondary applicant	57.6	54.2	8.8
Pacific
Principal applicant	75.8	72.6	4.3
Secondary applicant	51.6	47.8	7.3
Other1
Principal applicant	83.8	81.8	2.4
Secondary applicant	67.8	66.1	S
Totals
Principal applicant	81.4	78.9	3.2
Secondary applicant	58.5	53.8	7.9
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Notes: Excludes missing responses.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E40: Labour force activity of migrants by immigration approval category and highest qualification

Category and highest qualification	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
Skilled principal
Secondary school qualifications	94.4	94.4	S
Post-secondary school qualifications	95.0	93.1	2.0
Skilled secondary
Secondary school qualifications	61.0	56.0	8.1
Post-secondary school qualifications	69.5	64.4	7.4
Business category
Secondary school qualifications	47.0	47.0	S
Post-secondary school qualifications	65.9	61.2	5.4
Family Partner
Secondary school qualifications	65.5	62.9	3.9
Post-secondary school qualifications	74.2	70.7	4.7
Pacific category
Secondary school qualifications	71.8	64.1	10.7
Post-secondary school qualifications	84.1	81.8	S
Other1
Secondary school qualifications	41.5	38.1	8.2
Post-secondary school qualifications	46.9	41.4	9.2
Totals
Secondary school qualifications	58.7	55.4	5.6
Post-secondary school qualifications	81.0	77.9	3.8
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Notes: Excludes missing responses and those identified as not specified.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E41: Labour force activity of migrants by age group and applicant type

Age group and applicant type	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
16-24
Principal applicant	74.2	71.2	4.7
Secondary applicant	40.1	38.0	5.1
25-34
Principal applicant	86.7	84.9	2.2
Secondary applicant	69.7	64.2	7.5
35-44
Principal applicant	89.8	86.9	3.2
Secondary applicant	67.6	62.3	7.4
45-54
Principal applicant	84.3	80.1	5.0
Secondary applicant	69.2	63.6	8.1
55 and over
Principal applicant	27.0	24.3	8.0
Secondary applicant	21.8	16.1	26.3
Totals
Principal applicant	81.4	78.9	3.2
Secondary applicant	58.5	53.8	7.9
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Note: Excludes missing responses.

Table E42: Labour force activity of migrants by immigration approval category and sex

Category and sex	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
Skilled principal
Male	96.0	94.5	1.8
Female	92.6	90.5	2.3
Skilled secondary
Male	71.6	66.5	6.5
Female	62.8	58.1	7.3
Business category
Male	63.3	62.4	S
Female	51.4	49.5	S
Family Partner
Male	87.2	84.8	3.1
Female	62.0	58.2	6.2
Pacific category
Male	87.5	81.8	5.2
Female	58.9	54.8	9.3
Other1
Male	45.8	41.5	9.3
Female	36.1	31.3	13.3
Totals
Male	82.7	80.0	3.4
Female	65.1	61.4	5.8
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Notes: Excludes missing responses.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E43: Labour force activity of migrants by region of settlement in New Zealand

Region of settlement	Labour force participation rate	Employment rate	Seeking work rate
	Percent (%)
Northland	85.0	81.3	S
Auckland	70.7	67.7	4.2
Waikato	74.3	71.6	3.1
Bay of Plenty	73.8	69.5	4.8
Hawke's Bay	78.4	77.0	S
Manawatu-Wanganui	76.5	71.6	7.7
Wellington	78.9	74.9	5.1
Canterbury	75.9	72.5	4.7
Otago	76.6	76.6	S
North Island Other	84.7	81.4	4.0
South Island Other	76.6	71.9	6.1
Total percent	73.7	70.4	4.4

Note: Excludes missing responses.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E44: Migrants' occupation in New Zealand by immigration approval category

Occupational group	Immigration approval category (%)						Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Pacific category	Other1
Managers	16.2	10.5	62.5	12.8	S	10.6	15.5
Professionals	46.2	19.9	5.8	19.1	3.6	7.5	29.7
Technicians and Trades Workers	18.6	9.9	6.7	11.5	18.2	16.3	14.7
Community and Personal Service Workers	5.2	13.3	4.2	9.9	17.3	6.9	8.3
Clerical and Administrative Workers	6.8	18.9	5.0	14.3	5.5	9.4	10.7
Sales Workers	3.8	12.7	9.2	11.9	7.3	15.0	8.2
Machinery Operators and Drivers	1.0	2.1	S	4.8	13.6	6.9	2.9
Labourers	1.6	11.9	4.2	15.3	34.5	27.5	9.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,630	5,130	1,200	4,770	1,100	1,600	25,430

Notes: Total includes residual categories but excludes non-response.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E45: Skill equivalence between migrants' job in previous country and job in New Zealand

Category	Higher skill level in NZ	Lower skill level in NZ	Same skill level in NZ	Total % (row)	Total weighted
Skilled principal	10.3	17.2	72.5	100.0	6,790
All other migrants	14.4	39.1	46.7	100.0	6,730
Total (%) (row)	12.4	28.1	59.7	100.0	13,510

Notes: This analysis matches a migrant's previous country skill level (where the migrant lived in their previous country in the two years before gaining residence) with the skill level of their current job in New Zealand.

Table E46: Industry of employed migrants by immigration approval category

Industry	Immigration approval category (%)						Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Pacific category	Other1
Agriculture, forestry and fishing	1.7	2.0	2.5	4.3	4.7	4.7	2.6
Manufacturing	11.5	11.5	5.1	13.4	29.0	18.0	12.6
Construction	8.2	5.3	5.9	6.9	7.5	8.0	7.2
Wholesale trade	4.1	3.2	9.3	4.3	4.7	4.0	4.3
Retail trade	6.4	13.3	28.8	12.5	10.3	18.0	10.8
Accommodation	4.3	7.7	19.5	9.5	3.7	14.7	7.2
Transport, postal and warehousing	0.9	2.4	S	3.4	7.5	3.3	2.0
Information media and telecommunications	3.2	1.0	S	3.2	S	S	2.4
Financial and insurance services	3.2	3.4	S	5.2	S	2.7	3.3
Professional, scientific and technical services	14.0	9.9	4.2	7.5	S	4.0	10.4
Administrative and support services	2.8	5.3	5.1	4.7	3.7	4.7	3.9
Public administration and safety	4.7	4.4	S	2.4	11.2	2.0	4.1
Education and training	11.6	10.7	3.4	5.8	S	2.7	9.0
Health care and social assistance	16.5	11.9	3.4	8.6	9.3	6.0	12.6
Other services2	7.0	7.5	12.7	7.8	6.5	6.7	7.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,580	4,950	1,180	4,640	1,070	1,500	24,910

Notes: Excludes responses identified as not specified or missing. Only includes industry of people who are currently employed. Where a respondent reported more than one current job, the one with the most hours per week has been chosen.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

² Includes mining; electricity, gas, water and waste services; arts and recreation services; and rental, hiring and real estate services.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E47: Migrants with a pre-arranged job by immigration approval category

Pre-arranged job in NZ	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Yes	55.9	7.5	6.5	6.4	5.4	33.0	10.4	22.0
No	44.1	92.5	93.5	93.6	93.8	67.0	89.6	78.0
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	2,630	2,660	310	1,410	1,300	940	1,060	10,300

Note: Only includes offshore approvals who had worked in New Zealand at the time of the wave 1 interview.

Table E48: Factors that helped migrants find work by immigration approval category

Factors	Immigration approval category (%)						Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Pacific category	Other1
Work experience or qualifications	70.5	50.5	35.0	43.8	26.7	32.0	54.9
Looked at job advertisements	34.8	42.8	16.8	38.1	20.0	28.0	35.2
Has good English language skills or has improved them	39.2	32.8	14.0	28.4	28.3	27.4	33.2
Overseas qualifications are officially recognised in NZ	35.7	13.7	4.2	11.7	5.0	8.0	21.7
Made contacts through friends and family	12.5	20.6	23.1	28.5	49.2	36.6	21.0
Had arranged a job in NZ before coming	29.0	6.1	4.2	3.2	22.5	8.6	16.3
Has done some training or education in NZ	13.8	6.5	4.2	6.8	5.0	4.6	9.5
None of these	6.3	6.7	29.4	9.2	3.3	11.4	8.3
Other	3.4	6.0	7.0	4.7	3.3	2.9	4.3
Total weighted	12,200	5,860	1,430	5,570	1,200	1,750	27,990

Notes: Only includes migrants who started a new job since residence approval or first arrival in New Zealand. Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

 

Table E49: Difficulties finding work by immigration approval category

Difficulties	Immigration approval category (%)						Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Pacific category	Other1
Lack NZ work experience	17.5	26.4	16.0	25.1	20.3	25.8	21.5
Skills or experience not accepted by NZ employers	5.4	9.3	4.2	10.2	4.7	7.2	7.2
Not enough suitable work for skills/experience person has	6.8	7.7	3.5	8.6	2.3	4.6	6.8
Difficulties with English language	1.9	5.2	23.6	11.2	7.0	16.0	6.8
Experienced discrimination because of being a migrant	6.8	7.8	4.2	7.2	S	4.6	6.5
Does not have enough skills/experience for jobs available	2.4	6.0	2.1	8.4	10.9	10.3	5.3
No jobs available in the area lived in	2.6	5.1	S	4.4	4.7	3.6	3.6
Does not have family or friends in NZ who can help in getting a job	2.4	2.8	S	1.8	S	S	2.0
Experienced discrimination because of age, gender, religion	2.2	2.1	S	1.6	S	2.1	1.8
Other	4.7	6.2	8.3	4.9	1.6	3.1	5.0
No difficulties	69.2	55.8	56.3	54.3	66.4	54.6	61.6
Total weighted	12,250	6,130	1,440	5,690	1,280	1,940	28,740

Notes: Only includes migrants who started a new job since residence approval or first arrival in New Zealand. Migrants could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

¹ Includes Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E50: Time before first employment in New Zealand by approval location

Time before first employment	Approval location (%)		Total (%)
	Onshore	Offshore
No time	69.3	0.9	49.8
1-30 days	4.8	29.8	11.9
31-90 days	3.3	18.8	7.7
3- 6 months	2.9	10.9	5.2
7-12 months	S	0.3	0.1
No employment	19.5	38.0	24.8
Not specified	S	1.6	0.5
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	25,920	10,300	36,210

Note: Excludes missing responses.

Table E51: Migrants' satisfaction with main job by immigration approval category

Satisfaction rating	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Very satisfied	32.2	29.8	24.0	29.3	25.9	23.2	26.1	30.0
Satisfied	48.8	47.2	51.2	47.4	48.1	64.3	52.2	49.2
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied	12.4	17.2	18.2	15.8	22.2	8.9	14.9	14.3
Dissatisfied	4.8	4.5	6.6	5.7	S	2.7	6.0	5.0
Very dissatisfied	1.7	1.6	S	1.9	S	S	S	1.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,610	5,130	1,210	4,750	270	1,120	1,340	25,420

Note: Excludes missing responses.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E52: Migrants' main non-labour market activities by sex

Main activities of those not in labour force	Sex		Total (%)
	Male (%)	Female (%)
Studying	40.1	24.6	29.4
At home caring for dependants	9.6	43.7	33.0
Retired or at home without dependants	20.9	10.5	13.8
Other	9.3	S	8.2
On holiday or visiting friends or relatives	5.6	2.8	3.7
Getting set up in NZ	10.6	7.2	8.3
Multiple activities	4.0	S	3.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	3,020	6,500	9,510

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Data tables for Chapter 6: Migrants' income and assets

Table E53: Migrants' annual income from all sources by immigration approval category

Income level	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
$10,000 or less	1.7	19.3	25.6	13.0	32.4	12.5	11.9	9.9
$10,001 to $20,000	3.0	18.5	20.5	15.5	24.3	9.8	22.2	11.0
$20,001 to $30,000	9.3	21.0	17.9	24.7	21.6	47.3	28.1	18.0
$30,001 to $40,000	20.1	17.5	10.3	22.7	10.8	17.9	20.0	19.3
$40,001 to $50,000	22.5	10.2	14.1	9.9	5.4	5.4	8.1	15.4
$50,001 to $70,000	24.7	9.0	6.4	6.5	S	6.3	7.4	15.2
>$70,000	18.7	4.3	6.4	7.6	S	S	3.0	11.1
Median annual income ($)	48,100	26,000	24,900	28,100	13,700	25,700	25,000	36,000
Total weighted	10,670	5,090	780	4,450	370	1,120	1,350	23,830

Notes: Gross annual income is derived from weekly income. Respondents who did not specify their weekly income are excluded from this table.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E54: Migrants' annual income from all sources by sex and age

Income level	Male - Year groups (%)						Total (%)
	16-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65+
$10,000 or less	8.1	3.1	5.5	4.9	17.2	50.0	5.2
$10,001 to $20,000	12.1	5.1	3.8	6.1	13.8	S	5.7
$20,001 to $30,000	35.5	16.8	11.0	11.5	13.8	50.0	16.1
$30,001 to $40,000	26.6	21.7	16.0	17.6	10.3	S	19.4
$40,001 to $50,000	12.1	17.4	17.2	20.6	17.2	S	17.1
$50,001 to $70,000	5.7	21.5	21.7	20.6	10.3	S	19.5
>$70,000	S	14.5	24.8	18.8	17.2	S	17.1
Median annual income	$28,900	$41,900	$49,900	$44,900	$39,900	$23,200	$42,500
Total weighted	1,240	5,120	4,190	1,650	290	60	12,550
Income level	Female - Year groups (%)						Total (%)
	16-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65+
$10,000 or less	22.4	12.7	15.3	14.6	25.0	44.4	15.3
$10,001 to $20,000	22.4	12.9	19.0	16.4	30.0	55.6	16.9
$20,001 to $30,000	31.3	19.1	20.4	12.7	20.0	S	20.2
$30,001 to $40,000	19.4	21.3	17.3	22.7	10.0	S	19.6
$40,001 to $50,000	4.5	17.5	11.9	13.6	S	S	13.4
$50,001 to $70,000	S	11.1	11.9	17.3	S	S	10.3
>$70,000	S	5.4	4.3	2.7	15.0	S	4.3
Median annual income	$21,800	$32,900	$27,500	$34,300	$20,200	$12,700	$29,100
Total weighted	1,340	4,970	3,530	1,100	200	90	11,230
Income level	All migrants - Year groups (%)						Total (%)
	16-24	25-34	35-44	45-54	55-64	65+
$10,000 or less	15.8	7.7	10.0	8.7	19.6	31.6	9.9
$10,001 to $20,000	17.4	9.0	10.5	10.5	19.6	31.6	11.0
$20,001 to $30,000	32.8	17.9	15.3	12.0	15.7	21.1	18.0
$30,001 to $40,000	22.4	21.4	16.5	19.2	11.8	S	19.3
$40,001 to $50,000	8.1	17.4	14.9	18.1	9.8	S	15.4
$50,001 to $70,000	3.1	16.4	17.3	18.8	7.8	S	15.2
>$70,000	S	10.0	15.5	12.7	15.7	S	11.1
Median annual income	$25,600	$37,900	$39,300	$39,900	$27,900	$13,700	$36,000
Total weighted	2,590	10,070	7,700	2,760	510	190	23,830

Notes: Gross annual income is derived from weekly income. Respondents who did not specify their weekly income are excluded from this table.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E55: Migrants' annual income from all sources by region of origin

Income level	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
$10,000 or less	8.2	9.0	9.9	5.6	16.1	9.7	9.4	11.5	9.2	9.9
$10,001 to $20,000	7.8	4.3	10.8	9.0	19.7	12.9	14.2	14.0	14.2	11.0
$20,001 to $30,000	8.6	13.3	9.0	17.4	27.2	25.3	25.2	37.1	14.2	18.0
$30,001 to $40,000	16.1	18.9	16.2	23.6	22.6	26.3	19.7	19.1	21.7	19.3
$40,001 to $50,000	17.4	20.2	14.4	15.3	9.8	16.1	16.5	10.4	20.0	15.4
$50,001 to $70,000	23.6	21.9	17.1	15.3	3.0	5.5	10.2	6.8	15.8	15.2
>$70,000	18.2	13.3	24.3	13.9	2.0	3.7	4.7	1.1	5.8	11.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Median annual income	$45,900	$42,900	$42,400	$37,400	$26,100	$31,000	$30,400	$25,900	$36,400	$36,000
Total weighted	8,500	2,330	1,110	1,440	3,050	2,170	1,270	2,780	1,200	23,830

Notes: Gross annual income is derived from weekly income. Respondents who did not specify their weekly income are excluded from this table.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E56: Migrants' median annual income from all sources by New Zealand region

New Zealand Region	Median annual income	Total weighted
Northland	$42,900	590
Auckland	$34,900	11,140
Waikato	$36,900	1,540
Bay of Plenty	$27,600	830
Gisborne	$42,800	120
Hawke's Bay	$37,900	560
Taranaki	$44,600	290
Manawatu-Wanganui	$41,900	740
Wellington	$42,000	2,940
West Coast	$27,000	30
Canterbury	$33,800	3,150
Otago	$36,900	690
Southland	$33,300	250
Tasman	$35,500	100
Nelson	$32,900	310
Marlborough	$26,400	140
Total weighted	$36,000	23,830

Notes: Gross annual income is derived from weekly income. Respondents who did not specify their weekly income are excluded from this table. Excludes responses where region is not specified.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E57: Sending money overseas by immigration approval category

Sent money	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Yes	18.5	12.9	9.2	16.5	2.2	50.0	18.2	16.6
No	81.5	87.1	90.8	83.5	97.8	50.0	81.3	83.4
Total weighted	12,460	8,470	2,170	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,170

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Table E58: Sending money overseas by region of origin

Sent money	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Yes	5.9	14.5	12.6	14.0	9.2	25.4	40.0	37.4	33.5	16.6
No	94.1	85.2	86.8	86.0	90.8	74.9	59.5	62.6	65.8	83.4
Total weighted	11,660	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,530	3,150	1,900	4,380	1,580	36,170

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Table E59: Migrants' use of savings to pay for everyday things by immigration approval category

Savings	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Has savings	15.2	16.5	10.0	14.5	13.5	16.7	12.6	14.9
Uses savings for everyday things	8.6	10.0	7.3	6.3	7.8	9.3	7.5	8.4
Savings is main source of money for everyday things	3.3	2.4	4.6	2.6	4.3	1.9	3.7	3.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E60: Migrants' annual income from all sources by adequacy of income

Income level	Adequacy of income (%)			Total (%)
	Not enough money	Enough money	More than enough money
$10,000 or less	15.9	7.8	4.0	9.7
$10,001 to $20,000	14.7	10.6	3.2	11.0
$20,001 to $30,000	22.4	17.2	10.8	18.1
$30,001 to $40,000	17.8	20.7	15.5	19.3
$40,001 to $50,000	14.0	16.7	12.7	15.5
$50,001 to $70,000	9.1	16.4	25.5	15.3
>$70,000	6.2	10.6	28.3	11.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	6,800	14,400	2,510	23,710

Notes: Gross annual income is derived from weekly income. Respondents who did not specify their weekly income are excluded from this table. Excludes respondents who did not rate the adequacy of their income.

Table E61: Total assets migrants owned at current market value by age group

Asset value	Age group (%)						Total (%)
	16-24 years	25-34 years	35-44 years	45-54 years	55-64 years	65 years and over
$25,000 or less	18.7	18.2	10.1	8.8	10.3	10.5	14.1
$25,001-$50,000	1.7	5.7	4.4	3.0	1.9	4.4	4.2
$50,001-$75,000	0.6	3.1	2.1	2.1	3.2	S	2.3
$75,001-$100,000	0.6	3.1	2.1	2.8	2.6	5.3	2.4
$100,001-$200,000	2.1	10.3	14.7	12.1	5.8	3.5	10.2
$200,001-$500,000	3.8	13.4	23.7	22.8	17.9	15.8	16.5
$500,001-$1,000,000	S	2.8	9.1	13.3	10.3	2.6	5.9
Over $1,000,000	S	2.0	4.4	8.1	7.1	4.4	3.5
No assets	69.5	36.0	22.3	20.5	39.1	48.2	35.5
Not specified/refused1	2.5	5.3	7.1	6.5	2.6	3.5	5.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	5,240	13,050	10,920	4,300	1,560	1,140	36,220

Note: ¹ Includes respondents who did not specify whether they owned assets or did not provide a value for their assets.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Data tables for Chapter 7: Settlement experiences and outcomes

Table E62: Migrant ownership of dwelling by immigration approval category

Ownership type	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Rental accommodation	61.7	57.1	37.0	45.3	30.0	75.3	56.5	54.3
Owned/partly owned	28.4	33.1	39.7	33.5	14.8	3.1	15.9	28.5
Owned by family member	2.7	6.7	17.8	17.4	53.9	17.9	22.4	12.5
Owned by non-family member living in dwelling	5.5	2.2	1.8	2.8	S	S	2.8	3.4
Not specified	1.6	0.8	3.2	1.1	S	2.5	1.4	1.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Rental accommodation is defined as owned by non-family member not living in dwelling.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E63: Migrant ownership of dwelling by region of origin

Ownership type	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Rental accommodation	41.3	71.7	45.9	57.9	49.7	69.9	57.4	64.2	75.5	54.3
Owned/partly owned	49.8	18.2	44.0	27.6	20.2	7.9	17.9	10.0	15.7	28.5
Owned by family member	6.6	9.1	6.3	10.0	18.3	16.5	18.9	21.9	6.3	12.5
Owned by non-family member living in dwelling	1.4	0.9	2.5	2.7	10.1	3.5	3.2	1.8	S	3.4
Not specified	0.9	S	1.9	1.4	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.6	1.3	1.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Note: Rental accommodation is defined as owned by non-family member not living in dwelling.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E64: Migrant ownership of dwelling by region of settlement

Ownership type	Region of settlement (%)												Total (%)
	Northland	Auckland	Waikato	Bay of Plenty	Hawke's Bay	Manawatu-Wanganui	Wellington	Canterbury	Otago	Not specified	North Island Other	South Island Other
Rental accommodation	46.3	57.0	55.7	48.9	45.3	52.0	56.6	50.1	53.2	41.7	42.4	43.0	28.5
Owned/partly owned	41.3	21.8	30.1	38.3	41.3	39.2	27.7	36.4	38.3	S	49.2	44.5	12.6
Owned by family member	7.5	15.6	12.3	10.6	9.3	6.9	11.7	9.0	5.3	S	6.8	6.3	3.3
Owned by non-family member living in dwelling	2.5	4.3	1.4	2.1	S	S	3.0	3.6	S	S	S	1.6	54.2
Not specified	S	1.3	S	S	S	S	1.0	0.9	S	50.0	S	3.9	1.3
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	800	18,040	2,190	1,410	750	1,020	4,010	4,450	940	120	590	1,280	35,570

Notes: Rental accommodation is defined as owned by non-family member not living in dwelling. Excludes responses where region of settlement was not recorded.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E65: Purchased property in New Zealand by immigration approval category

Purchased property	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Purchased property	16.4	17.7	11.4	10.5	7.8	1.9	6.1	13.5
Didn't purchase property	83.1	81.9	85.8	89.2	92.2	96.9	93.0	86.0
Not specified	0.4	0.5	2.3	0.4	S	S	S	0.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E66: Looked for housing by immigration approval category

Looked for housing	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Looked for a place to live	83.0	75.0	68.0	62.1	39.1	64.2	55.1	70.9
Problems finding suitable housing(1)	26.7	30.1	22.8	24.8	15.6	33.7	24.6	26.8
No problems	73.3	69.9	77.2	75.2	84.4	66.3	75.4	73.2
Not looked for a place to live	17.0	25.0	32.0	37.9	60.9	35.8	44.9	29.1
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: ¹ Proportion of those who had looked for a place to live.

Table E67: Problems finding suitable housing by immigration approval category

Problem type	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Rent or mortgage costs are too high	56.0	56.5	50.0	66.7	57.1	80.0	62.1	58.8
No suitable housing available in the area I wanted to live	34.7	38.2	35.3	37.0	35.7	25.7	34.5	35.7
Only poor quality housing available	31.8	29.8	26.5	25.9	S	5.7	13.8	27.6
Costs of moving or setting up a new household too high	17.7	19.4	14.7	21.3	21.4	31.4	24.1	19.4
Had to wait for suitable housing	17.0	12.6	14.7	18.5	21.4	20.0	27.6	16.7
Available housing too small for my household	13.0	15.7	11.8	15.7	S	17.1	13.8	14.1
Housing not available near public transport	8.3	4.7	S	8.3	S	S	6.9	6.5
Discrimination towards migrants from property owner or agent	7.9	3.1	S	2.8	S	S	6.9	5.4
Difficulties with English language	2.2	2.6	11.8	1.9	S	S	S	2.9
Other	18.8	23.0	11.8	11.1	S	20.0	S	17.9
Total weighted	2,770	1,910	340	1,080	140	350	290	6,890

Notes: Only includes people who encountered problems looking for suitable housing.

Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E68: Migrant satisfaction with housing by ownership type

Satisfaction rating	Ownership of dwelling (%)					Total (%)
	Owned or partly owned by respondent	Owned by family member	Owned by non-family member living in dwelling	Rental accommodation	Not specified
Very satisfied	55.4	51.3	38.5	28.0	34.7	39.1
Satisfied	37.3	43.4	54.9	53.3	46.9	47.5
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied	5.3	4.9	4.9	12.7	16.3	9.4
Dissatisfied	1.6	0.7	1.6	5.1	S	3.4
Very dissatisfied	S	S	S	0.8	S	0.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	10,310	4,520	1,220	19,680	490	36,220

Notes: Rental accommodation is defined as owned by non-family member not living in dwelling.

Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E69: Study towards formal qualification since gaining permanent residence by immigration approval category

Study towards formal qualification	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Yes	9.5	12.0	13.2	11.5	2.2	9.3	9.3	10.2
No	90.3	84.4	75.8	87.6	97.8	85.8	79.0	87.2
Still at school	S	3.7	10.5	1.0	S	4.9	11.7	2.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E70: Reasons for studying towards formal qualification by immigration approval category

Reason	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
To get qualification upgraded to work in my profession	49.6	32.4	37.9	42.0	60.0	53.3	40.0	42.5
To get a better job	37.8	34.3	24.1	42.0	60.0	46.7	30.0	37.1
To get a job	6.7	29.4	41.4	22.2	S	20.0	15.0	20.3
To change career	10.1	22.5	S	19.8	S	20.0	15.0	16.0
Leisure activity or personal interest	16.8	12.7	20.7	14.8	S	S	S	14.6
To learn English	S	S	S	4.9	S	S	S	2.2
Other	19.3	7.8	S	6.2	S	S	S	10.8
Total weighted	1,190	1,020	290	810	50	150	200	3,690

Notes: Only includes people who had done formal study since residence approval and who gave reasons for studying. Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E71: Places of formal study by immigration approval category

Place of formal study	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
University	47.9	47.1	65.5	42.0	60.0	20.0	20.0	45.1
Polytechnic	19.3	26.5	13.8	38.3	S	46.7	30.0	26.8
Private training establishment	19.3	19.6	10.3	13.6	S	13.3	30.0	17.6
School	1.7	3.9	10.3	S	S	S	S	3.2
Other	13.4	3.9	S	6.2	S	S	10.0	8.1
Total weighted	1,190	1,020	290	810	50	150	200	3,700

Notes: Only includes people who had done formal study since residence approval. Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E72: Other study or training to improve employment prospects by immigration approval category

Other study or training	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Yes	19.2	22.5	13.0	19.4	S	27.3	22.2	20.1
No	80.8	77.0	89.1	80.6	83.3	72.7	80.6	80.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	2,860	1,870	460	1,390	120	220	360	7,280

Note: Only includes people who had not done formal study or English language training.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E73: Places of other study or training by immigration approval category

Place of study	Immigration approval category (%)					Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Family Partner	Pacific category	Other
Polytechnic	10.9	26.2	33.3	S	50.0	24.7
University	25.5	16.7	25.9	S	28.6	22.6
Workplace	27.3	26.2	11.1	S	S	21.2
Private training establishment	29.1	14.3	14.8	33.3	S	20.5
Community education classes	5.5	14.3	11.1	S	S	9.6
Other	9.1	7.1	S	S	S	6.8
School	S	S	S	S	S	2.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	550	420	270	60	140	1,460

Notes: Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Other approval categories include Business category and Family Parent.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E74: English language training since residence approval for moderate/poor English speakers by immigration approval category

Participation in English language study/training	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Participated in training	50.0	70.5	65.9	50.4	42.5	9.1	45.3	48.9
Did not participate in study/training	50.0	29.5	35.2	48.7	58.4	88.6	54.7	51.3
Did not participate but wanted to participate	62.5	61.5	65.6	66.1	31.8	51.3	57.1	52.0
Total weighted	160	440	910	1,150	1,130	440	640	4,870

Note: Only includes respondents whose English was moderate/poor.

Table E75: Main reason for trying to improve English language skills

Main reason	Total (%)
To learn survival English	39.1
Social or family reasons	17.2
To get work	13.4
To perform better in job	7.6
To help in doing other study or training	17.2
Other	2.1
English language training was paid for as part of residence application	2.1
To get occupational registration	0.8
Total %	100.0
Total weighted	2,380

Note: Only includes respondents whose English was moderate/poor and who had participated in English language study/training.

Table E76: Main reason for not participating in English language study/training

Main reason	Total (%)
Difficult to find the time	61.5
Not settled enough yet	23.1
Childcare problems	17.7
Cost of study too high	17.7
Transport problems	13.8
Could not find a suitable course	12.3
Other	4.6
Total weighted	1,300

Notes: Only includes respondents whose English was moderate/poor and who had participated in English language study/training. Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Table E77: Migrants' rating of settlement in New Zealand by region of origin

Settlement rating	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Very settled	48.9	46.9	44.0	35.3	18.8	26.9	32.6	48.6	34.6	38.9
Settled	39.8	45.6	45.9	52.5	61.9	52.8	54.2	45.9	50.9	48.4
Neither settled nor unsettled	8.8	6.3	6.9	11.3	16.1	15.5	10.0	4.6	12.6	10.3
Unsettled/very unsettled	2.5	1.6	3.8	0.9	2.9	4.7	2.1	0.7	1.9	2.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighed	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,530	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,200

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Table E78: Migrant's rating of settlement by time spent in New Zealand before gaining residence

Settlement rating	Time spent in NZ prior to gaining residence (%)								Total (%)
	0-3 months	4-6 months	7-9 months	10-12 months	13-18 months	19-24 months	More than 2 years	Never visited NZ before
Very settled/settled	87.6	86.2	86.0	89.8	85.8	88.6	88.6	83.5	87.3
Neither settled nor unsettled	10.4	11.1	9.9	8.4	11.5	9.5	9.7	12.1	10.3
Unsettled/very unsettled	1.8	2.7	3.6	1.8	2.8	1.9	1.7	4.5	2.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	5,020	2,250	2,220	2,740	4,360	3,160	11,490	4,480	35,710

Note: Excludes responses identified as not specified.

Table E79: Migrants' rating of settlement of their partner/spouse in New Zealand by region of origin

Settlement rating	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Very settled	47.0	41.8	42.5	36.9	16.1	24.0	28.4	36.6	34.2	37.9
Settled	36.4	47.1	38.4	48.6	63.5	50.6	59.7	57.1	50.7	46.2
Neither settled nor unsettled	10.0	8.2	8.2	9.9	16.1	16.9	9.0	3.7	8.2	10.2
Unsettled/very unsettled	6.6	3.4	9.6	5.4	3.8	9.1	S	2.6	5.5	5.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	7,710	2,080	730	1,110	2,110	1,540	670	1,910	730	18,580

Notes: Only includes responses where spouse/partner was not born in New Zealand and had spent four years or less in New Zealand. Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E80: Migrants' rating of how settled their children are in New Zealand by region of origin

Settlement rating	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Very settled/settled	89.9	95.8	97.7	97.7	92.2	96.2	97.5	99.6	96.6	94.0
Neither settled nor unsettled	7.4	4.6	4.7	S	7.2	2.9	S	S	4.5	4.9
Unsettled/very unsettled	2.6	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	1.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	6,520	2,160	430	860	1,660	1,040	810	2,680	880	17,060

Notes: Excludes don't know/response refusals. Only includes responses from respondents with a child 5 years or older attending school in New Zealand.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E81: Migrants' rating of how settled their children are at school by region of origin

Settlement rating	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Very settled/settled	91.2	93.9	90.5	97.5	90.3	97.0	97.4	96.6	95.3	93.5
Neither settled nor unsettled	6.3	5.7	S	2.5	6.7	3.0	S	1.9	4.7	4.8
Unsettled/very unsettled	2.5	S	S	S	3.0	S	S	1.5	S	1.7
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	6,330	2,120	420	800	1,650	1,000	760	2,630	850	16,550

Notes: Excludes don't know/response refusals. Only includes responses from respondents with a child 5 years or older attending school in New Zealand.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E82: Types of help, advice, or assistance migrants needed in New Zealand by immigration approval category

Type of help	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Getting a driver licence	26.9	24.2	21.5	22.2	4.3	13.0	18.2	22.5
The tax system	19.9	15.1	15.5	12.3	2.6	4.3	7.9	14.5
Looking for work	13.9	15.6	7.8	16.4	5.7	19.1	15.4	14.2
Legal matters	15.7	13.2	16.9	12.1	3.5	1.9	8.9	12.7
Health services (including mental health)	13.0	13.9	7.3	11.3	8.3	8.6	7.5	11.7
Education or training for self or family	11.6	15.6	10.5	9.1	2.2	8.6	9.3	11.1
Getting community or local services	8.6	9.4	6.8	6.1	1.3	2.5	0.9	7.0
Recognition of qualifications	10.7	7.2	3.2	3.8	0	2.5	3.3	6.7
Learning English	2.6	3.7	11.0	7.5	6.5	5.6	12.6	5.2
Government income support	4.6	5.1	1.8	4.8	3.0	9.9	3.7	4.7
Budgeting	0.5	1.1	1.8	0.9	0	S	S	0.7
Support due to family stress (excluding financial help)	0.5	0.6	S	1.0	S	1.9	0.9	0.7
No help needed	48.4	47.9	52.5	52.4	75.2	61.7	52.3	51.8
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E83: Migrant satisfaction with life in New Zealand by immigration approval category

Satisfaction rating	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Very satisfied	46.2	43.6	26.5	39.8	37.8	44.7	40.7	42.3
Satisfied	48.4	48.2	59.4	50.8	55.7	50.9	51.9	50.2
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied	4.2	7.1	12.3	7.8	6.5	3.7	6.1	6.4
Dissatisfied/very dissatisfied	1.2	1.2	1.8	1.4	S	S	S	1.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,480	8,470	2,190	7,030	2,300	1,610	2,140	36,210

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E84: Migrant satisfaction with life in New Zealand by region of origin

Satisfaction rating	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Very satisfied	56.1	54.1	52.8	52.5	14.1	29.1	30.5	44.9	41.5	42.3
Satisfied	38.2	42.8	41.5	43.9	70.9	60.1	61.1	50.8	51.6	50.2
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied	3.9	2.8	4.4	4.1	13.3	10.1	8.4	3.4	5.7	6.4
Dissatisfied	1.5	S	1.3	S	1.4	0.9	S	S	S	1.0
Very dissatisfied	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,370	1,590	36,210

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E85: Migrant satisfaction with life in New Zealand by region of settlement

Satisfaction rating	Region of settlement (%)
	Auckland	Waikato	Bay of Plenty	Manawatu-Wanganui	Wellington	Canterbury	Not specified	North Island Other	South Island Other	Total (%)
Very satisfied	36.8	46.6	56.7	45.1	45.4	44.0	S	50.9	53.8	42.2
Satisfied	54.7	46.6	36.9	43.1	47.6	49.9	75.0	43.0	41.6	50.4
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied	7.6	4.1	5.7	9.8	5.5	4.5	S	4.2	4.1	6.3
Dissatisfied	0.9	2.3	S	S	1.2	1.1	S	1.4	S	1.0
Very dissatisfied	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S	S
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	18,040	2,190	1,410	1,020	4,010	4,450	120	2,140	2,210	35,560

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals or where region data is missing.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E86: Things migrants liked most about New Zealand by immigration approval category

Things liked most	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Climate or natural beauty or clean and green	81.4	76.0	83.1	77.9	81.3	39.5	65.0	76.7
Friendly people or relaxed pace of life	66.9	67.2	52.5	62.4	62.6	38.9	52.8	62.9
Can achieve desired lifestyle	71.5	69.4	41.6	59.1	42.2	32.1	43.9	61.6
Safety from crime and violence	56.7	56.9	32.4	43.0	36.1	22.2	40.2	48.8
Recreation and leisure activities	57.9	56.8	32.9	41.5	21.3	19.8	24.3	47.0
Small population	48.3	48.6	37.0	40.7	25.2	7.4	22.0	41.4
Education system or educational opportunities	30.7	35.5	45.2	28.6	20.9	66.0	43.5	34.0
Having family here	16.1	20.3	20.1	39.6	71.3	52.5	55.6	29.5
Political stability and freedom or lack of corruption	31.2	25.0	32.4	26.5	27.8	16.0	25.2	27.7
Cultural diversity	31.7	26.2	22.4	22.8	23.9	15.4	21.5	26.3
Job opportunities	30.5	22.7	12.8	22.2	5.7	66.0	35.0	26.3
Good provision of services	26.1	23.1	15.5	21.9	37.0	29.0	24.8	24.7
Good housing	19.4	20.1	23.3	26.5	30.0	28.4	20.1	22.3
Lack of inter-racial, ethnic or religious tensions	26.0	21.3	14.2	17.0	24.3	9.9	15.9	21.0
Economic conditions	21.5	18.5	13.7	17.4	10.9	32.1	25.7	19.6
Other	2.3	1.3	1.8	1.9	1.7	S	1.4	1.8
None	0.2	0.5	S	0.3	S	S	S	0.3
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E87: Things migrants disliked most about New Zealand by immigration approval category

Things disliked most	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
High tax rates or tax system difficult to understand	38.2	34.9	39.3	37.9	16.5	39.5	32.2	35.8
Distance of NZ from home or family	38.7	40.9	21.9	38.5	13.9	6.8	13.6	33.6
Cost of health services	28.6	35.3	17.4	29.6	20.0	16.7	17.8	27.9
Poor public transport or lack of public transport	27.1	22.2	26.9	30.2	19.6	3.7	17.8	24.5
Poor quality housing or cost of housing	23.1	20.8	6.8	16.1	8.7	12.3	15.4	18.4
Employers want NZ work experience	17.9	19.1	10.5	18.7	11.3	13.0	18.2	17.3
There is nothing disliked most about NZ	11.4	13.7	18.7	12.5	34.8	39.5	28.5	16.4
Lack of job opportunities	14.0	15.5	14.2	17.1	6.5	3.1	9.8	13.8
Poor economic conditions or cost of living	12.8	13.1	11.0	12.1	5.7	3.7	6.5	11.4
Attitudes of NZers to migrants or discrimination	9.5	8.6	13.2	8.8	2.6	5.6	8.9	8.7
Poor employment conditions	9.1	11.1	7.8	8.1	3.5	3.1	2.8	8.3
Inter-racial, ethnic or religious tensions	5.9	6.7	5.5	8.1	1.3	1.9	4.7	6.0
Not safe from crime and violence	3.7	4.6	16.9	7.0	5.2	5.6	4.2	5.6
Climate or landscape	3.4	5.5	2.7	5.3	7.8	5.6	4.7	4.7
Cannot achieve desired lifestyle	4.1	5.7	3.2	3.8	1.3	2.5	3.3	4.0
Lack of cultural diversity	2.7	2.7	1.8	4.1	1.3	2.5	1.4	2.7
Other	6.3	6.8	9.1	4.7	4.3	S	4.7	5.9
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,020	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E88: Things migrants liked most about New Zealand by region or origin

Things liked most	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Climate or natural beauty or clean and green	89.2	60.1	83.6	78.7	82.3	74.1	77.9	50.0	63.5	76.7
Friendly people or relaxed pace of life	76.6	56.9	72.3	81.0	47.2	57.9	62.6	45.7	61.0	62.9
Can achieve desired lifestyle	81.4	65.7	73.6	71.9	44.0	50.0	57.4	34.9	55.3	61.6
Safety from crime and violence	57.8	84.9	49.7	53.8	28.4	41.1	47.4	28.5	59.7	48.8
Recreation and leisure activities	72.5	51.3	66.7	52.5	23.5	24.4	37.9	24.0	39.6	47.0
Small population	58.8	34.6	54.1	38.5	39.8	38.6	34.7	7.5	31.4	41.4
Education system or educational opportunities	20.7	37.4	17.6	24.4	41.7	33.5	42.6	59.6	44.0	34.0
Having family here	20.4	29.6	22.6	26.2	21.3	37.0	36.8	58.9	36.5	29.5
Political stability and freedom or lack of corruption	18.3	39.3	35.8	34.4	31.0	28.5	33.7	22.1	48.4	27.7
Cultural diversity	28.9	31.4	35.8	33.5	20.2	23.1	22.1	20.1	31.4	26.3
Job opportunities	17.8	44.0	20.1	29.4	8.6	20.9	36.3	57.3	40.9	26.3
Good provision of services	17.8	48.4	25.8	20.8	15.7	28.5	25.3	32.2	39.0	24.7
Good housing	20.4	18.9	15.7	16.3	24.6	23.4	22.6	29.9	26.4	22.3
Lack of inter-racial, ethnic or religious tensions	24.8	31.1	22.6	22.6	12.2	25.0	16.8	13.0	25.8	21.0
Economic conditions	12.8	35.2	17.0	35.3	8.3	18.0	27.9	28.3	35.8	19.6
Other	2.1	2.5	4.4	1.8	0.9	1.9	1.6	0.7	2.5	1.8
None	0.3	0.9	S	S	S	S	S	0.5	S	0.3
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Note: Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E89: Things migrants disliked most about New Zealand by region or origin

Things disliked most	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
High tax rates or tax system difficult to understand	26.8	27.7	27.0	19.9	46.2	50.9	58.4	37.0	46.5	35.8
Distance of NZ from home or family	44.0	38.4	50.9	41.2	23.7	31.0	28.9	7.3	45.3	33.6
Cost of health services	40.2	22.6	15.1	24.0	19.6	28.5	26.8	18.9	27.0	27.9
Poor public transport or lack of public transport	30.0	10.1	18.9	30.3	32.7	26.9	25.8	6.8	20.8	24.5
Poor quality housing or cost of housing	20.2	27.0	27.0	31.2	13.5	12.0	14.7	11.9	17.0	18.4
Employers want NZ work experience	9.2	23.9	10.1	20.4	18.8	34.8	23.2	14.8	25.8	17.3
There is nothing disliked most about NZ	13.2	18.6	12.6	12.7	10.7	15.5	12.1	38.8	11.9	16.4
Lack of job opportunities	11.7	3.5	12.6	9.5	29.7	20.3	14.7	3.7	5.7	13.8
Poor economic conditions or cost of living	15.3	5.7	22.0	8.6	15.0	6.3	7.4	4.1	6.9	11.4
Attitudes of New Zealanders to migrants or discrimination	6.3	11.3	14.5	5.4	12.7	7.3	12.6	5.5	9.4	8.7
Poor employment conditions	10.7	5.3	3.8	9.0	12.4	8.9	4.2	2.1	5.0	8.3
Inter-racial, ethnic or religious tensions	8.6	7.2	11.9	4.5	4.1	2.2	6.3	2.1	6.3	6.0
Not safe from crime and violence	3.1	0.9	4.4	2.7	14.4	6.3	4.7	5.9	2.5	5.6
Climate or landscape	1.0	12.6	6.9	1.8	1.2	6.3	8.9	7.1	15.7	4.7
Cannot achieve desired lifestyle	5.1	3.8	6.3	2.7	3.1	3.8	4.2	2.7	5.7	4.0
Lack of cultural diversity	2.9	1.9	8.8	2.7	1.7	2.8	3.7	2.1	2.5	2.7
Other	8.7	5.0	7.5	10.4	4.3	3.8	2.6	2.1	3.8	5.8
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Note: Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100.

Table E90: Whether migrants had encouraged others to apply for residence by region of origin

Encouraged others	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Yes	32.2	49.1	32.7	28.1	28.1	32.0	34.7	28.1	32.1	32.4
No	67.9	50.9	67.9	71.5	71.9	68.0	65.3	71.9	67.9	67.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,520	3,160	1,900	4,370	1,590	36,190

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Table E91: Whether migrants had encouraged others to apply for residence by region of settlement

Encouraged others	Region of settlement (%)									Total (%)
	Auckland	Waikato	Bay of Plenty	Manawatu-Wanganui	Wellington	Canterbury	North Island Other	South Island Other	Not specified
Yes	33.8	28.4	36.2	33.3	31.4	25.4	33.8	37.6	33.3	32.5
No	66.3	71.6	63.8	66.7	68.3	74.2	66.7	62.9	66.7	67.5
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	18,020	2,180	1,410	1,020	4,010	4,450	2,130	2,210	120	35,540

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals or where region is not recorded.

Table E92: Migrant health status by immigration approval category

Health status	Immigration approval category (%)							Total (%)
	Skilled principal	Skilled secondary	Business category	Family Partner	Family Parent	Pacific category	Other
Excellent	47.1	42.3	31.1	41.8	13.5	43.8	42.5	41.4
Very Good	34.7	37.1	37.4	34.7	27.4	43.8	34.1	35.3
Good	17.1	17.8	27.4	18.6	37.4	12.3	16.8	19.3
Fair	1.0	2.7	3.2	3.7	19.1	S	4.7	3.5
Poor	S	S	S	1.0	2.6	S	1.4	0.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	12,490	8,470	2,190	7,030	2,300	1,620	2,140	36,220

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Data tables for Chapter 8: Social relationships and social support

Table E93: Whether migrants made new friends in New Zealand by region of origin

Made new friends in NZ	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Yes	96.0	95.9	98.1	97.3	95.0	96.8	98.4	96.1	96.9	96.1
No	4.1	4.1	1.9	3.2	5.0	3.5	1.6	4.1	3.1	3.9
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Table E94: How or where migrants' new friends were met by region of origin

How or where new friends were met	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Through friends, relatives or neighbours	64.5	59.0	69.2	75.3	58.6	70.9	74.9	76.5	61.7	66.4
At work	75.3	68.5	74.4	65.1	51.7	61.4	66.3	60.8	70.1	66.2
Through a religious group	8.0	38.4	20.5	12.6	23.0	42.5	40.6	59.6	37.0	26.5
Through day-to-day activities	30.1	27.9	42.3	28.8	16.4	24.5	28.9	19.2	29.2	26.0
At school - through study or training	7.0	12.1	10.3	18.6	62.0	19.6	32.1	20.2	22.1	22.8
Through school or pre-school of children	31.9	26.6	21.2	21.4	7.1	10.8	12.3	11.2	18.8	19.9
Through a sports club or group	29.0	20.7	26.9	19.1	11.1	8.8	12.8	15.0	18.8	19.6
Through an ethnic association	1.3	10.5	6.4	6.5	8.5	24.5	19.3	21.4	14.9	10.0
Other	9.2	4.3	4.5	9.8	0.8	1.3	1.6	S	2.6	4.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,200	3,050	1,560	2,150	6,210	3,060	1,870	4,210	1,540	34,820

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E95: Migrant involvement in clubs and groups by region of origin

Involvement in clubs or groups	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Yes	53.6	66.0	65.4	44.3	34.6	40.5	50.5	52.7	57.2	49.9
No	46.4	34.0	34.6	55.7	65.4	59.8	48.9	47.0	42.8	50.0
Types of clubs
Religious group	8.0	43.7	21.4	12.2	18.0	25.6	31.1	40.2	35.2	21.6
Sports club or group	30.8	22.3	25.2	21.3	13.0	7.3	8.9	12.6	20.1	20.1
Job related association	16.9	12.9	12.6	10.0	3.4	8.5	11.1	6.6	9.4	10.9
Hobby or cultural club or group	8.8	5.3	14.5	7.7	3.1	1.9	4.2	3.9	4.4	6.0
Ethnic association	0.9	1.6	1.3	3.6	2.9	10.8	11.6	9.4	9.4	4.4
Other community or voluntary group	5.5	2.8	10.7	4.1	3.4	3.2	2.6	2.5	3.1	4.2
Service club	2.6	2.8	1.9	S	S	S	S	0.5	1.9	1.4
Youth club or group	0.9	1.9	S	0.9	0.8	S	S	3.2	1.3	1.2
Other	1.5	2.2	2.5	1.8	0.3	S	S	S	S	1.1
Total weighted	11,670	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,540	3,160	1,900	4,380	1,590	36,220

Notes: Respondents could give multiple responses, so percentages may not add to 100. Excludes don't know/response refusals. The proportion for each club type is a proportion of total respondents.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E96: Whether migrants' new friends were of the same ethnic group by region of settlement

Whether new friends are of the same ethnic group	Region of settlement (%)									Total (%)
	Auckland	Waikato	Bay of Plenty	Manawatu-Wanganui	Wellington	Canterbury	North Island Other	South Island Other	Not specified
All/Most of them	55.2	36.5	57.8	24.2	52.5	48.6	36.8	35.2	63.6	49.7
About half of them	17.0	18.3	10.4	20.2	14.5	18.1	18.2	13.0	S	16.6
Few/None of them	27.8	45.7	31.9	55.6	33.2	33.3	45.0	52.3	18.2	33.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	17,310	2,080	1,350	990	3,850	4,200	2,090	2,160	110	34,160

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals or where region is not recorded.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E97: Whether migrants' new friends were of the same ethnic group by region of origin

Whether new friends are of the same ethnic group	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
All/Most of them	50.4	33.8	40.4	27.9	65.7	51.3	40.1	59.9	29.9	49.6
About half of them	13.6	16.7	12.2	11.2	23.0	22.5	19.8	14.7	14.9	16.6
Few/None of them	35.5	49.5	48.1	60.9	11.3	25.8	40.1	25.2	55.2	33.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,200	3,050	1,560	2,150	6,210	3,060	1,870	4,210	1,540	34,820

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Table E98: Whether migrants made new friends in New Zealand by English language ability

Made new friends in NZ	English language ability (%)				Total (%)
	English is a main language spoken	Very good/good English language ability	Moderate/poor English language ability	unspecified
Yes	96.6	97.6	91.6	55.6	96.1
No	3.4	2.3	8.4	44.4	3.9
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	21,430	9,840	4,870	90	36,220

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Table E99: Whether migrants' new friends were of the same ethnic group by English language ability

Whether new friends are of the same ethnic group	English language ability (%)				Total (%)
	English is a main language spoken	Very good/good English language ability	Moderate/poor English language ability	unspecified
All/Most of them	43.8	49.9	75.6	100.0	49.6
About half of them	16.3	19.6	11.9	S	16.6
Few/None of them	39.7	30.6	12.3	S	33.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	20,700	9,600	4,460	50	34,820

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Symbol: S = suppressed for confidentiality reasons.

Table E100: Importance of maintaining traditions by region of origin

Rating of importance	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Important/Very important	42.0	57.2	50.9	49.1	76.3	89.6	79.9	93.7	72.3	64.0
Neither important or unimportant	42.5	26.4	32.7	35.0	19.2	9.2	14.8	4.7	18.2	26.1
Unimportant/Very unimportant	15.5	16.4	16.4	15.5	4.5	1.3	5.3	1.6	9.4	9.9
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,630	3,180	1,590	2,200	6,500	3,160	1,890	4,290	1,590	36,040

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Table E101: Migrants' experience of discrimination by region of origin

Experienced discrimination	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
Yes	15.3	25.5	22.0	20.4	41.8	28.2	37.0	12.9	29.7	24.2
Once or twice	6.7	10.1	7.5	9.0	18.7	12.2	17.5	7.1	10.1	10.6
Three or four times	4.2	6.6	7.5	5.9	11.9	7.4	7.9	1.4	6.3	6.3
More than four times	4.2	8.2	6.9	5.4	10.4	9.0	11.6	4.4	13.9	7.1
No	84.7	74.2	78.0	79.2	58.0	71.5	62.4	87.1	69.6	75.8
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	11,640	3,180	1,590	2,210	6,530	3,120	1,890	4,340	1,580	36,070

Notes: Excludes don't know/response refusals. The 'number of times experienced discrimination' values are given as a proportion for all respondents.

Table E102: Migrants' experience of discrimination by region of settlement

Experienced discrimination	Region of settlement (%)									Total (%)
	Auckland	Waikato	Bay of Plenty	Manawatu-Wanganui	Wellington	Canterbury	North Island Other	South Island Other	Not specified
Yes	24.2	28.7	27.1	29.0	18.0	26.6	25.7	20.8	33.3	24.3
No	75.8	71.3	72.9	71.0	81.7	73.4	73.8	78.7	66.7	75.7
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total weighted	17,960	2,160	1,400	1,000	3,990	4,440	2,140	2,210	120	35,420

Note: Excludes don't know/response refusals.

Table E103: Situations where migrants felt discrimination occurred by region of origin

Situations where discrimination occurred	Region of origin (%)									Total (%)
	UK/Irish Republic	South Africa	North America	Rest of Europe	North Asia	South Asia	South East Asia	Pacific	Other
In a public place such as a street	13.5	29.6	40.0	20.0	63.4	38.6	48.6	28.6	42.6	39.8
Working at job	42.7	44.4	34.3	35.6	20.1	40.9	47.1	42.9	46.8	35.4
Applying for a job	22.5	32.1	25.7	44.4	18.7	39.8	18.6	17.9	34.0	25.1
Shopping	11.8	18.5	34.3	13.3	26.0	26.1	27.1	19.6	25.5	21.5
At a social gathering	25.3	14.8	40.0	15.6	5.5	10.2	8.6	16.1	14.9	14.3
Attending school or training courses	2.8	6.2	8.6	S	12.5	5.7	11.4	16.1	6.4	8.2
Finding accommodation	7.3	7.4	S	S	5.9	12.5	7.1	5.4	17.0	7.2
Dealing with a government agency	6.7	7.4	14.3	8.9	7.0	6.8	7.1	S	6.4	7.0
Other	10.7	7.4	8.6	S	4.4	S	4.3	S	S	5.6
At school or preschool of child	3.4	12.3	8.6	S	2.2	2.3	5.7	S	12.8	4.5
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0